Introduction (& Sources)

1971-2024....



This is a helter-skelter survey of ancient coins in my personal collection that have been acquired casually and regularly since 1971. The commentary is my own or where necessary citations are provided giving credit to those respective sources of information.

Where available, sources and other provenance information is provided as a record of the collection and the coins appearing therein.

To enlarge the photos of the individual coins, please click on them and you will be taken to a new screen. The smaller format photos of close ups and illustrations cannot be enlarged.

This site is dedicated to the memory of my father (z"l) who bought me my first ancient coin and many subsequent purchases in the days of my earliest interest. I will always cherish and miss his enthusiastic support of my interest in history, archaeology and science and how he shared his imaginings on the origin, history and disposition of these coins.



J. G.






ANS member


SOURCES: (items denoted with an * indicate books consulted from libraries and not part of the permanent collection)

Seaby, Roman Silver Coins IV Gordian III to Postumus, London, Seaby, 1982

Robertson etal, An Inventory of Romano-British Coin Hoards, London, RNS, 2000

Baldwins, The William C. Boyd Collection Auction 42, London, September 2005

VanMeter, The Handbook of Roman Imperial Coins, Laurion Press, 2000

Emmett, Alexandrian Coins, Clio's 2001

Meshorer, Matb'ot Aelia Kapitolinah, Israel Museum, Jerusalem 1989

Meshorer, A Treasury of Jewish Coins, Yad Ben-Zvi, Jerusalem, 2001

Carson, Hill & Kent, Late Roman Bronze Coinage, Spink, London, 1978

Kent, Roman Imperial Coinage (multiple vols).

Hendin, Guide to Biblical Coinage (4th ed), Amphora, 2001
Hendin, Guide to Biblical Coinage (5th ed), Amphora, 2010
Vagi, The Coinage & History of the Roman Empire (2 vols), Coin World 1999

Sear, Greek Coins (2 vols), Seaby, London, 1979

Sear, Roman Coins & Their Values (5 vols.), Spink, London 2000-2014.

Sear, Greek Imperial Coins, Seaby, London, 1982

Sear, Byzantine Coins & Their Values, Seaby, London, 1974

Ding Fubao, Lidai... , Xinhua, Shanghai, 1997

Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Part VI Palestine & South Arabia, ANS 1981

Schjöth, Chinese Currency, 1965
Hartill, D., Cast Chinese Coins, Trafford, Victoria BC, 2005

Album, Marsden's Numismata Orientalia Illustrata, Attic Bks, NY 1977

M. Bates, Islamic Coins, ANS Handbook 2, NY 1982

CNG, Triton IX Auction Catalogue, NY, January 2006

CNG, Triton XI Auction Catalogue, NY, January 2008

S. Eddy, The Minting of Antoniniani A.D. 238-249 and the Smyrna Hoard, ANS monograph #156

Thompson, M (et.al.), Inventory of Greek Coin Hoards, ANS, 1973.

Wallace, W. P., The Euboian League and its Coinage, ANS, NNM 134, 1956.

Coin Hoards I, RNS (London), 1975

Coin Hoards II, RNS (London), 1976

Coin Hoards III, RNS (London), 1977

Coin Hoards IV, RNS (London), 1978*

Coin Hoards V, RNS (London), 1979*

Coin Hoards VI, RNS (London), 1981*

Coin Hoards VII, RNS (London), 1985*

Wartenburg, U., et al., Coin Hoards VIII Greek Hoards, RNS (London), 1994

Meadows, A., et. al. Coin Hoards IX Greek Hoards, RNS (London), 2002
Hoover, O.D., Meadows, A., Wartenberg, U (eds.) Coin Hoards X Greek Hoards, NY
RNS/ANS, 2010
Lindgren, H. C., Lindgren III, Ancient Greek Bronze Coins from the Lindgren Collection, Quarryville, PA, Chrysopylon, 1993.

Mildenberg, L., The Coinage of the Bar Kokhba War, Aarau, Verlag Sauerländer, 1984 (Typos; Monographien zur antiken Numismatik, Band VI).

Simonetta, B., The Coins of the Cappadocian Kings, Fribourg, Office du Livre, 1977 (Typos II)

LHS 96 (8-9 May 2006), Coins of Peloponnesos; The BCD Collection, Zürich; LHS Numismatics Ltd., 2006.

Triton IX, The BCD Collection of the Coinage of Boiotia, Lancaster/London; CNG., 2006.

Houghton, A & Lorber, C., Seleucid Coins; A Comprehensive Catalogue, Part 1, NY; ANS & CNG, 2002

Houghton, A, Lorber, C., & Hoover, O. Seleucid Coins; A Comprehensive Catalogue, Part 2, NY; ANS & CNG, 2008

SNG Copenhagen; Vol. III Greece; Thessaly to Aegean Islands (reprint 1982)*

Grose, S.W., Fitzwilliam Museum; Catalogue of the McClean Collection of Greek Coins, Vol. II; The Greek Mainland, The Aegean Islands, Crete (reprint 1979) *

Price, M & Waggoner, N. Archaic Greek Coinage; The Asyut Hoard, London; Vecchi, 1975.*

Forrer, L. The Weber Collection 3 vols, London, 1922-1929.

Ravel, O. E. Descriptive Catalogue of The Collection of Tarentine Coins formed by M. P. Vlasto, Chicago, Obol 1977*

Houghton, A. Coins of the Seleucid Empire from the Collection of Arthur Houghton, NY, ANS (Ancient Coins in North American Collections #4), 1983.

Hoover, O. Coins of the Seleucid Empire from the Collection of Arthur Houghton, Part II, NY, ANS, (Ancient Coins in North American Collections #9), 2007.

Houghton, A.A. et Le Rider, G., Un Trésor de Monnaies Hellénistiques Trouvé Près de Suse. Revue Numismatique, 1966, pp. 111-127.

Newell, E.T. The Seleucid Mint of Antioch, Chicago, Obol International, 1978

Houghton, A. & Spaer, A. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum: Israel I, The Arnold Spaer Collection of Seleucid Coins, Jerusalem, 1998.

Levante, E, Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum: Switzerland I; Levante-Cilicia, Credit Suisse, Berne, 1986.*

Newell, E.T. The Coinage of the Eastern Seleucid Mints, ANS, NY, 1978.

Newell, E.T. The Coinage of the Western Seleucid Mints, ANS, NY, 1977.

Gardner, P., Catalogue of the Greek Coins in the British Museum; The Seleucid Kings of Syria, London, 1878

The Abraham Bromberg Collection of Jewish Coins, parts I & II (1991-1992), Catalogued by Paul Rynearson, Superior Galleries (Beverly Hills, CA)

Price, M.J., The Coinage in the Name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus. London, 1991*

MacDonald, G. Catalogue of Greek Coins in the Hunterian Collection, University of Glasgow. Volume 3. Further Asia, Northern Africa, Western Europe. Elibron Reprint

Hoover, O.D., Handbook of Syrian Coins; The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Vol. 9, Lancaster/London, CNG 2009
Hoover, O.D., Handbook of Coins of the Southern Levant; The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Vol. 10, Lancaster/London, CNG 2010
Balog, P, The Coinage of the Ayyubids, London, RNS 1980
Album, S, Checklist of Islamic Coins, Santa Rosa, Steven Album Rare Coins, 2011
American Journal of Numismatics (AJN) 
Sellwood, D (etal), An Introduction to Sasanian Coins, London, Spink, 1985*
Göbl, R., Sasanian Numismatics, NY, Durst, 1990
Shore, F. B., Parthian Coins & History; Ten Dragons Against Rome, CNG 1993*
Sellwood, D., An Introduction to the Coinage of Parthia, 2nd Ed., London, Spink, 1980*
Meshorer, Y & Qedar, S., Samarian Coinage, Jerusalem, INS 1999
Milne, J. G., Catalogue of Alexandrian Coinage, Oxford, Spink, 1971
Wilkes, T., Islamic Coins & their Values; Vol. I, London, Spink, 2015
Adolfo, Clemente y Juan Cayon, Las Monedas Españolas Vol 1 & 2, Madrid 2005
Leuchtturm, Catalogue Euro Coins & Banknotes 2018, Germany 2018
SNG Sweden 1:2, Sammlung Eric Von Post, Stockholm 1995
Metcalf, W.E., The Oxford Handbook of Greek & Roman Coinage, OUP 2012
Newell, E.T., The Seleucid Coinages of Tyre, a Supplement, ANS NNM 73, 1936
Newell, E.T., Royal Greek Portrait Coins, Racine, 1937
Rynearson, P., Collecting Ancient Greek Coins, Atlanta 2009
Ghey, E., Hoards; Hidden History, London, British Museum Press 2015

Broome, M, A Handbook of Islamic Coins, London, Spink, reprint 2006

Curtis, J. W., The Tetradrachms of Roman Egypt, Chicago, Argonaut, 1969

Cloke, H.J. & Toone, L, The London Mint of Constantius & Constantine, London, Spink, 2015

Lowic, N.M., Bendall, S., Whitting, P.D., The Mardin Hoard; Islamic Countermarks on Byzantine Folles, London, A. H. Baldwin & Sons Ltd, 1977

Some Institutional Visitors:

Smithsonian Institution (DC/USA), Kocaeli University (Turkey), Holy See (Vatican City State), Ministerio de Defensa (Spain), Haifa University (Israel), Ball State University (IN/USA), Oxford University (UK), Országos Szakfelügyeleti Módszertani Központ [National Centre for Healthcare Audit and Inspection] (Hungary), Kaiser Permanente (CA/USA), The Cuyahoga County Education Svc Ctr (OH/USA), IBM Corp. (NY/USA), Government of South Africa, Cambridge College (MA/USA), US Dept. of State, Carleton College (MN/USA), University of Western Ontario (Canada), Charter Communications (MN/USA), Performance Systems International (DC/USA), Bank of America (GA/USA), Boston University (MA/USA), Waterloo Region District School Board (ON/Canada), Bowdoin College (ME/USA), Dept. of Data Communications (Tallinn/Estonia), Kölnische Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft AG (Germany). National Bank of Macedonia (Skopje/Macedonia), Umweltbundesamt (Berlin/Germany), San Diego County Office of Education (CA/USA), State of Minnesota (USA), Iran Telecommunications Research Center, P. J. Safarik University (Kosice; Slovakia), Greek Gov't Public Administration Network (Athens), Dept. of Agriculture for N. Ireland (UK), Freie Universität Berlin (Germany), Las Vegas Clark County Library District (NV/USA), Humboldt State University (CA/USA), Massachusetts Department of Revenue (USA), University of Jyvaskyla (Finland), University of Virginia (USA), Selcuk Universitesi (Konya/Turkey), Microsoft Corp. (WA/USA), Tulare County Office of Education (Visalia, CA/USA), Hellenic Open University (Greece), Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center (NH/USA), E. Suffolk Boces-Three Village School Dist. (NY/USA), PA State System of Higher Education (USA), St. Bernard Preparatory School (AL/USA), Mersin University (Turkey), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (Greece), US Army Director of Logistics-Transportation Office (Ft. Campbell, KY), Education, Youth and Sports Department of Riga (Latvia), Middle East Technical University (Ankara, Turkey), Rhode Island Network for Educ. Technology (USA), Council of Europe (Strasbourg, France), Eugene School District 4J (OR/USA), University of Athens (Greece), University of Minnesota (USA), Universiteit van Amsterdam (Netherlands), Lambrakis Press Org. (Athens/Greece), Kansas City Kansas Community College (USA), Universitaet Trier (Germany), University of Joensuu (Finland), LBBW Landesbank Baden-Wuerttemberg (Germany), Washington State University (USA), Mugla University (Turkey), Lehigh University (PA/USA), Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin (Germany), Statens Maritima Museer (Sweden), Stadtverwaltung Winterthur (Switzerland), Miami University (OH/USA), Sacred Heart University (CT/USA), British Museum (UK), Lockheed Martin (CO/USA), Stiftung Preussischer Kulturbesitz (Germany), University of Windsor (ON/Canada), Delgado Community College (LA/USA), Cambridge University (UK), University of Bristol (UK), Hillsdale College (MI/USA), W. Michigan University (USA), University of Calgary (AB/Canada), Universitaet Duisburg-Essen (Germany), University of Notre Dame (IN/USA), California State University, Long Beach (USA), Illinois Wesleyan University (USA), Kungliga Tekniska Hogskolan (Sweden), Douglas College (BC/Canada), University of Missouri-Columbia (USA), Universitaet Muenster (Germany), Tarbiat Modares University (Teheran/Iran), Rider University (NJ/USA), Assumption College (MA/USA), Indiana Univ-Purdue University Ft. Wayne (USA), Kansas State University (USA), Colgate University (NY/USA), NC Research & Education Network (USA), Goshen College (IN/USA), DOD Dependents Schools-European Region, University of Oklahoma (USA), Northern Arizona University (USA), Stadtwerke Kapfenberg (Austria), Ministry of Finance (Belgium), Auburn University (AL/USA)
Southern Illinois University (USA), Brigham Young University (UT/USA), Universidad Nacional de Buenos Aires (Argentina), Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ. (USA), UC Berkeley (CA/USA), Mount Holyoke College (MA/USA), Grand Valley State University (MI/USA), NIH (USA), Dartmouth College (NH/USA), West Virginia University (USA), Columbia University (NY/USA), Universita' degli Studi di Lecce (Italy), Northwestern University (IL/USA), University of Cincinnati (OH/USA), University of Zadar (Croatia), Oklahoma State Univesity (USA), Yale University (CT/USA), Universitaet Wien (Austria), Memphis State University (TN/USA), Mira Costa College (CA/USA), University of North Carolina (USA), ARAMCO (Saudi Arabia), Bilkent University (Turkey), Florida State University (USA), University of Washington (WA/USA), Walla Walla College (WA/USA), American School of Classical Studies (Greece), University of Kansas (USA), University of Tasmania (Australia), Amrita University (India), Tianjin Municipal Commission on Education (China), City College of NY (USA), University of Iowa (USA), Princeton University (NJ/USA), Malek Ashtar University (Iran), UMASS Dartmouth (MA/USA), Nagoya University (Japan), Seneca College (ON/Canada), Univerza v Ljubljani (Slovenia), Bunkyo University (Japan), Universidad de Valladolid (Spain), Hawaii Department of Education (USA), Pepperdine University (CA/USA), Trenton State College (NJ/USA), Baker University (KS/USA), Technische Universitaet Cottbus (Germany), Trinity College (Ireland), National University of Ireland Maynooth, DLA NeMo (HI/USA), Truman State University (MO/USA), University of Texas at Austin (USA), University of Teheran (Iran), State University of New York at Buffalo (USA), Canakkale University (Turkey), Hebrew University (J'lem/Israel), ,Marquette University (WI/USA), Ho Chi Minh City Posts & Telecom Co (Vietnam), University of Crete (Greece), University of Maryland Baltimore County (USA), University Regensburg (Germany), Brooklyn College (NY/USA), RPI (NY/USA), Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain), Skidmore College (NY/USA), Johannes Gutenberg-Universitaet, Mainz (Germany), University of Sydney (Australia), Stonehill College (MA/USA), Bulgarska Narodna Banka (Bulgaria), Wabash College (IN/USA), Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille (France), ENS de Fontenay/Saint-Cloud (France), University of Missouri-Columbia (USA), Army Information Systems-Pentagon (USA), Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum (Germany), South Dakota State Government (USA), University of Lausanne (Switzerland)
Bucknell University (PA/USA), University of Tokyo (Japan), Leiden University (Netherlands), Ministry of Economics (Ukraine), Colorado State University (CO/USA), St. Petersburg State University (Russia), University of Rhode Island (USA), Northern Arizona University (USA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS/France), University of Wisconsin (USA), Edinburgh University (UK), Royal Holloway & Bedford New College (UK), Georgetown University (DC/USA), Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro (Mexico), Appalachian State University (NC/USA), Canisius College (NY/USA), University of North Carolina (USA)
Universidad de Salamanca (Spain), Universitaet Bonn (Germany), University of Illinois at Chicago (USA), Univ. de Paris X Nanterre (France), Indiana University (IN/USA),
Gwangju University (Rep of Korea), Technikon Pretoria (South Africa), California State University, Chico (USA), University of Kent at Canterbury (UK), University of Presov (Slovakia), Universitatea Dunarea de jos Galati (Romania), Towson State University (MD/USA), Austin College (TX/USA), New York University (USA), Dokuz Eylul Universitesi (Turkey), Dicle Universitesi (Turkey), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (Germany), Zrinyi Miklos Nemzetvedelmi Egyetem (Hungary), University of Lausanne (Switzerland), Bibliotheque Nationale de France, Iowa State University (USA), University of New England (Australia),
Universita' degli Studi Della Tuscia (Italy), University of Oran (Algeria), Houses of Parliament (UK), City Library St. Petersburg (Russia), Shippensburg University (PA/USA)
University of Stellenbosch (South Africa), Nankai University (PR China)